Núm. 13 (2022): Cambio climático. Cuando el destino nos alcanzó
Aportes

Cambio climático y Antropoceno: una perspectiva arqueológica

PDF
  • Rafael Cobos

Publicado 2024-04-10

Palabras clave

  • cambio climático, Antropoceno, colapso, arqueología, civilización.

Cómo citar

Cambio climático y Antropoceno: una perspectiva arqueológica . (2024). Antropología. Revista Interdisciplinaria Del INAH, 13, 41-55. https://revistas.inah.gob.mx/index.php/antropologia/article/view/21107

Resumen

El cambio climático y su influencia en el colapso de sociedades complejas antes del siglo xix muestra que diferentes civilizaciones lograron adaptarse a los retos que impusieron las condiciones severas del clima; sin embargo, en los últimos dos siglos, los procesos de industrialización, el consumo masivo de recursos, la contaminación del planeta Tierra y el rápido y exponencial crecimiento poblacional están produciendo condiciones sin precedentes que amenazan con la sobrevivencia del Homo sapiens sapiens. En este trabajo se usa la arqueología para revisar el pasado y, con base en lo que podemos aprender de él, utilizarlo para lograr procesos adaptativos antes de que colapse nuestra civilización.

PDF

Descargas

Los datos de descarga todavía no están disponibles.

Referencias

  1. AKERS, Pete D., George A. BROOK, L. Bruce RAILSBACK, Fuyuan LIANG, Gyles IANNONE, James W. WEBSTER, Philip P. REEDER, Hai CHENG y R.
  2. Lawrence EDWARDS (2016), “An extended and higher-resolution record of climate and land use from stalagmite MC01 from Macal Chasm, Belize, revealing connections between major dry events, overall climate variability, and Maya sociopolitical changes”, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, núm. 459, pp. 268-288.
  3. ANDA, Guillermo de, Dante GARCÍA SEDANO y Rafael COBOS (2016), “Arqueología subacuática en un contexto del Clásico terminal: el cenote Holtún de Chichén Itzá”, en Arqueología en Chichén Itzá, Nuevas Explicaciones, Mérida, Ediciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, pp. 255-269.
  4. ARSUAGA, Juan Luis y Ignacio MARTÍNEZ (2011), Atapuerca y la evolución humana, Madrid, Museo de la Evolución Humana y Scientific Films.
  5. BAR-YOSEF, Ofer y Anna BELFER-COHEN (2013), “Following Pleistocene road signs of human dispersals across Eurasia”, Quaternary International, vol. 285, pp. 30-43.
  6. BENSON, Larry V., Timothy R. PAUKETAT y Edward R. COOK (2009), “Cahokia’s boom and bust in the context of climate change”, American Antiquity vol. 74, pp. 467-483.
  7. BOIVIN, Nicole, y Alison CROWTHER (2021), “Mobilizing the past to shape a better Anthropocene”, Nature Ecology & Evolution, vol. 5, pp. 273-284.
  8. BRAJE, Todd J. (2015), “Earth systems, human agency, and the Anthropocene: Planet earth in the human age”, Journal of Archaeological Research, vol. 23, núm. 4, DOI: 10.1007/s10814-015-9087-y.
  9. BRAJE, Todd J., Jon M. ERLANDSON, C. Melvin AIKENS, Tim BEACH, Scott FITZPATRICK, Sara GONZALEZ, Douglas J. KENNETT, Patrick V. KIRCH, Gyoung-Ah LEE, Kent G. LIGHTFOOT, Sarah B. MCCLURE, Lee M. PANICH, Torben C. RICK, Anna C. ROOSEVELT, Tsim D. SCHNEIDER, Bruce SMITH, y Melinda A. ZEDER (2014), “An Anthropocene without archaeology – should we care?”, The SAA Archaeological Record, vol. 14, núm. 1, pp. 26-29.
  10. BRAJE, Todd J. y John M. ERLANDSON (2013), “Looking forward, looking back: Humans, anthropogenic change, and the Anthropocene”, Anthropocene, vol. 4, pp. 116-121.
  11. BRYCE, Trevor (2005), The Kingdom of the Hittites, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  12. BUCKLEY, Brendan M., Kevin J. ANCHUKAITIS, Daniel PENNY, Roland FLETCHER, Edward R. COOK, Masaki SANO, Le CANH NAM, Aroonrut WICHIENKEEO, Ton THAT MINH, y Truong MAI HONG (2010), “Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences vol. 107, pp. 6748-6752.
  13. BURKE, Ariane, Mathew C. PEROS, Colin D. WREN, Francesco S. R. PAUSATA, Julien RIEL-SALVATORE, Olivier MOINE, Anne de VERNAL, Masa KAGEYAMA y Solène BOISARD (2021), “The archaeology of climate change: the case for cultural diversity”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, recuperado de <https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2108537118>.
  14. CAROLIN, Stacy A., Richard T. WALKER, Christopher C. DAY, Vasile ERSEK, R. Alastair SLOAN, Michael W. DEE, Morteza TALEBIAN y Gideon M.
  15. HENDERSON (2019), “Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 116, núm. 1, pp. 62-72.
  16. CARTER, Alison, Piphal HENG, Miriam STARK, Rachna CHHAY y Damian EVANS (2018), “Urbanism and residential patterning in Angkor”, Journal of Field Archaeology, vol. 43, núm. 6, DOI:10.1080/00934690.2018.1503034.
  17. CARTER, Alison, Miriam STARK, Seth QUINTUS, Yijie ZHUANG, Piphal HENG y Rachna CHHAY (2019), “Temple occupation and the tempo of collapse at Angkor Wat, Cambodia”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 116, no. 25, pp. 12226-12231.
  18. COBOS, Rafael (2018), “Colapso, resiliencia y cambio climático en Chichén Itzá, Yucatán”, Arqueología. Memoria del 56o Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Salamanca, Ediciones de la Universidad de Salamanca, pp. 625-632.
  19. COBOS, Rafael, Guillermo de ANDA ALANIZ y Roberto GARCÍA MOLL (2014), “Ancient climate and archaeology: Uxmal, Chichén Itzá, and their collapse at the end of the Terminal Classic period”, The Resilience and Vulnerability of Ancient Landscapes: Transforming Maya Archaeology through IHOPE, Washington, AAA (Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, 24), pp. 56-71.
  20. COOKSON, Evangeline, Daniel J. HILL y Dan LAWRENCE (2019), “Impacts of long term climate change during the collapse of the Akkadian Empire”, Journal of Archaeological Science vol. 106, pp. 1-9.
  21. COOPER, Anthony H., Teresa J. BROWN, Simon J. PRICE, Jonathan R. FORD, y Colin N. WATERS (2018), “Humans are the most significant global geomorphological driving force of the 21st century”, The Anthropocene Review, vol 5, núm. 3, pp. 222-229, recuperado de <https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019618800234>.
  22. CREEKMORE, Andrew T. y Kevin D. FISHER (2004), Making ancient cities. Space and place in early urban societies, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  23. CRUTZEN, Paul (2002), “Geology of mankind”, Nature, vol. 415, pp. 23.
  24. _____ (2006), “The Anthropocene”, Earth system science in the Anthropocene, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin, pp. 13-18.
  25. FAGAN, Brian (2008), La pequeña Edad del Hielo. Cómo el clima afectó a la historia de Europa (1300 – 1850), Barcelona, Gedisa.
  26. FLETCHER, Roland, Brendan M. BUCKLEY, Christophe POTTIER, y Shi-Yu Simon WANG (2017), “Fourteenth to Sixteenth centuries AD. The case of Angkor and monsoon extremes in mainland southeast Asia”, en Harvey Weiss (ed.) Megadrought and collapse: From early agriculture to Angkor, Nueva York, Oxford University Press, pp. 275-314.
  27. FOLEY, Stephen F., Detlef GRENENBORN, Meinrat O. ANDREAE, Joachim W. KADEREIT, Jan ESPER, Denis SCHOLZ, Ulrich PÖSCHL, Dorrit E. JACOB, Bernd R. SCHÖBE, Rainer SCHREG, Andreas VÖTT, David JORDAN, Jos LELIEVELD, Christine G. WELLER, Kurt W. ALT, Sabine GAUDZINSKI-WINDHEUSER, Kai-Christian BRUHN, Hoger TOST, Frank SIROCKO, y Paul J. CRUTZEN (2013), “The Palaeoanthropocene – The beginnings of anthropogenic environmental change”, Anthropocene, vol. 3, pp. 83-88.
  28. FRAHM, Ellery y Joshua M. FEINBERG (2013), “Environment and collapse: eastern Anatolian obsidians at Urkesh (Tell Mozan, Syria) and the third-millenium Mesopotamian urban crisis”, Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 40, pp. 1866-1878.
  29. GILLINGS, Michael R. y Ian T. PAULSEN (2014), “Microbiology of the Anthropocene”, Anthropocene, vol. 5, pp. 1-8, recuperado de <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2014.06.004>.
  30. GREGORICKA, L. A. (2016), “Human response to climate change during the Umm an-Nar/Wady Suq transition in the United Arab Emirates”, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, vol. 26, pp. 211-220.
  31. HALLY, David y John CHAMBLEE (2019), “The temporal distribution and duration of Mississippian polities in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee”, American Antiquity vol. 84, núm. 3, pp. 420-437.
  32. HIGHAM, Tom (2021), The world before us, New Haven / Londres, Yale University Press.
  33. HOGGARTH, Julie A., Matthew RESTALL, James W. WOOD y Douglas J. KENNETT (2017), “Drought and its demographic effects in the Maya lowlands”, Current Anthropology, vol. 58, núm. 1, pp. 82-113.
  34. ISLEBE, Gerald A., Nuria TORRESCANO-VALLE, Alejandro A. ARAGÓN-MORENO y Mirna VALDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ (2018), “The Paleoanthropocene of the Yucatán Peninsula: Palynological evidence of environmental change”, Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, vol. 70, núm. 1, pp. 49-60.
  35. JARRIGE, François y Thomas LE ROUX (2017), La Contamination du Monde, Paris, Éditions du Seuil.
  36. KENNET, Douglas J. Sebastian F. M. BREITENBACH, Valorie V. AQUINO, Yemane ASMERON, Jaime AWE, James U. L. BALDINI, Patrick BARTLEIN, Brendan J. CULLETON, Claire EBERT, Cristophere JAZWA, Martha J. MACRI, Norbert MARWAN, Victor POLYAK, Keith M. PRUFER, Harriet E.
  37. RIDLEY, Herald SODEMANN, Bruce WINTERHALDER y Gerald H. HAUG (2012), “Development and disintegration of maya political systems in response to climate change”, Science, vol. 338, pp. 788-791.
  38. KENNETT, Douglas J. y Norbert MARWAN (2015), “Climatic volatility, agricultural uncertainty, and the formation, consolidation and breakdown of preindustrial agrarian states”, Philosophical Transactions Royal Society A, 373: 20140458, recuperado de <http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0458>.
  39. KENNETT, Douglas J. y David A. HODELL (2017), “AD 750-1100 Climate change and critical transitions in Classic maya sociopolitical networks”, en Harvey Weiss (ed.), Megadrought and collapse: From early agriculture to Angkor, Nueva York, Oxford University Press, pp. 205-230.
  40. KUZUCUO?LU, Catherine (2012), “Le rôle du climat dans les changements culturels, du 5e au 1er millénaire avant notre ère, en Méditerranée orientale”, Des Climats et des Hommes, París, La Découvert-INRAP, pp. 239-256.
  41. _____ (2015), “The rise and fall of the Hittite empire in central Anatolia: How, when, where, did climate intervene?”, Archaeological Research in Southern Coppadocia, Istanbul, Varia Anatolica IFEA/Ege Yayinlari, Istanbul, pp. 17-41.
  42. KUZUCUO?LU, Catherine y Zoï TSIRTSONI (2015), “Changements climatiques et comportements sociaux dans le passé: quelles corrélations? ”, Les Nouvelles de L’archéologie, París, Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de L’homme, pp. 142: 49-44.
  43. LANE, Paul J. (2015), “Archaeology in the age of the Anthropocene: A critical assessment of its scope and societal contributions”, Journal of Field Archaeology, vol. 40, pp. 485-498.
  44. MAJEWSKI, Teresita y Michael B. SCHIFFER (2009), “Beyond consumption: Toward an archaeology of consumerism”, International Handbook of Historical Archaeology, Springer Science and Businees Media LLC, pp. 191-207.
  45. MANSELL, Eugenia Brown, Robert H. TYKOT, David A. FREIDEL, Bruce H. DAHLIN, y Paul A. MAYEWSKI, y Frank WHITE (2002), The ice chronicles, Hanover / Londres, University Press of New England.
  46. MEDINA ELIZALDE, Martín, Stephen J. BURNSA, David W. LEA, Yemane ASMERON, Lucien von GUNTEN, Victor POLYAK, Mathias VUILLE, y Ambarish KARMALKAR (2010), “High resolution stalagmite climate record from the Yucatán peninsula spanning the Maya Terminal Classic period”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 298, pp. 255-262.
  47. MEEKS, Scott C., y ANDERSON, David G. (2013), “Drought: assessing Mississippian abandonment of the Vacant Quarter”, Soils, Climate & Society, Boulder, The University Press of Colorado, pp. 61-84.
  48. MENOCAL, Peter B. de (2001), “Cultural responses to climate change during the Late Holocene”, Science, vol. 292, pp. 667-673.
  49. MULLINS, Paul R. (2011), “The archaeology of consumption”, Annual Review of Anthropology vol. 40, pp. 133-144.
  50. PENNY, Dan, Tegan HALL, Damian EVANS, y Martin POLKINGHORNE (2019), “Geoarchaeological evidence from Angkor, Cambodia, reveals a gradual decline rather than a catastrophic 15th-century collapse”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 116, no. 11, pp. 4871-4876.
  51. RAFFIELD, Ben (2021), “Broken worlds: Towards an archaeology of the shatter zone”, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 28, pp. 871-910.
  52. ROBBINS SCHUG, Gwen (2011), Bioarchaeology and Climate Change, A View from South Asian Prehistory, Orlando, University Press of Florida.
  53. ROBBINS SCHUG, Gwen, y K. Elaine BLEVINS (2016), “The center cannot hold: A bioarchaeological perspective on environmental crisis in the second millennium BCE, south Asia”, A Companion to South Asia in the Past, Chichester, Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 255-273.
  54. ROCKSTRÖM, Johan, Guy BRASSEUR, Brian HOSKINS, Wolfgang LUCHT, Pavel Kabat SCHELLNHUBER, Nebojsa NAKICENOVIC, Peng GONG, Peter SCHLOSSER, María MÁÑEZ COSTA, April HUMBLE, Nick EYRE, Peter GLEICK, Rachel JAMES, Andre LUCENA, Omar MASERA, Marcus MOENCH, Roberto SCHAEFFER, Sybil SEITZINGER, Sander van der LEEUW, Bob WARD, Nicholas STERN, James HURRELL, Leena SRIVASTAVA, Jennifer MORGAN, Carlos NOBRE, Youba SOKONA, Roger CREMADES, Ellinor ROTH, Diana LIVERMAN y James ARNOTT (2014), “Climate change: the necessary, the possible and the desirable Earth Ligue climate statement on the implications for climate policy from the 5th IPCC Assessment”, Earth’s Future, núm. 2, pp. 606-611.
  55. RUDDIMAN, W. F., D. Q. FULLER, J. E. KUTZBACH, P. C. TZEDAKIS, J. O. KAPLAN, E. C. ELLIS, S. J. VAVRUS, C. N. ROBERTS, R. FYFE, F. HE, C.
  56. LEMMEN, y J. WOODBRIDGE (2015), “Late Holocene climate: Natural or anthropogenic?”, Reviews of Geophysics, núm. 54, doi:10.1002/2015RG000503.
  57. SANDIAS, Michaela y Gundula MÜLDNER (2015), “Diet and herding strategies in a changing environment: Stable isotope analysis of Bronze Age and Late Antique skeletal remains from Ya’amun, Jordan”, Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 63, pp. 24-32.
  58. SCHERER, Andrew K. (2017), “Bioarcheology and the skeletons of the Pre-Columbian Maya” Journal of Archaeological Research, vol. 25, pp. 133-184.
  59. SERVICE, Elman R. (1975), Origins of the State and civilization. The process of cultural evolution, Nueva York, W. W. Norton y Company.
  60. SINHA, Ashish, Gayatri KATHAYAT, Harvey WEISS, Hanying LI, Hai CHENG, Justin REUTER, Adam W. SCHNEIDER, Selim BERKELHAMMER, Selim F.
  61. ADALI, Lowell D. STOTT, y R. Lawrence EDWARDS (2019), “Role of climate in the rise and fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire”, Science Advances, núm. 5, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax6656.
  62. STEFFEN, Will, Wendy BROADGATE, Lisa DEUTSCH, Owen GAFFNEY y Cornelia LUDWIG (2015), “The trajectory of the Anthropocene: The Great Acceleration”, The Anthropocene Review, vol. 2, núm. 1, DOI: 10.1177/2053019614564785.
  63. STEFFEN, Will, Paul J. CRUTZEN y John R. MCNEILL (2007), “The Anthropocene: are humans now overwhelming the great forces of nature?”, Ambio vol. 36, pp. 614-621.
  64. STRAUS, Lawrence Guy, Berit Valentin ERIKSEN, Jon M. ERLANDSON, y David R. YESNER (eds.) (1996), Humans at the end of the Ice Age. The archaeology of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, Nueva York / Londres, Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology / Plenum Press.
  65. TAINTER, Joseph A. (2019), “Cahokia: Urbanization, metabolism, and collapse”, Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, vol. 6, article 6, doi:10.3389/frsc.2019.00006.
  66. TRISCHLER, Helmuth (2017), “El Antropoceno”, Desacatos, núm. 54, pp. 40-57.
  67. WALKER, M. J. C., BERKELHAMMER, M., BJÖRCK, S., CWYNAR, L. C., FISHER, D. A., LONG, A. J., LOWE, J. J., NEWNHAM, R. M., RASMUSSEN, S. O., y H. WEISS (2012), “Formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch: a discussion paper by a working group of Intimate (Integration of Ice-Core, Marine and Terrestrial Records) and the Subcommission of Quaternary Stratigraphy (International Commission on Stratigraphy)”, Journal of Quaternary Science, vol. 27, pp. 649-659.
  68. WEEDEN, Mark (2022), “The Hittite Empire”, The Oxford history of the ancient near East: Volume III: Volume III: From the Hyksos to the late second millennium BC., Nueva York, Oxford Academic, pp. 529-622, recuperado de <https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687601.003.0030>.
  69. WEISS, Harvey (2017), “4.2 ka bp Megadrought and the Akkadian collapse”, Megadrought and Collapse: From Early Agriculture to Angkor, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 93-159.
  70. WHITEHOUSE, Ruth, y John WILKINS (1986), The making of civilization, Nueva York, Alfred A. Knopf.
  71. WILLIAMS, Jocelyn S., Shannen M. STRONGE, Gyles IANNONE, y Fred J. LONGSTAFFE (2017), “Examining chronological trends in ancient Maya diet at Minanha, Belize, using the stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen”, Latin American Antiquity, vol. 28, pp. 269-287.
  72. ZALASIEWICZ, Jan, Colin N. WATERS, Mark WILLIAMS, Anthony D. BARNOSKY, Alejandro CEARRETA, Paul CRUTZEN, Erle ELLIS, Michael A. ELLIS, Ian J. FAIRCHILD, Jacques GRINEVALD, Peter K. HAFF, Irka HAJDAS, Reinhold LEINFELDER, John MCNEILL, Eric O. ODADA, Clément POIRIER, Daniel RITCHER, Will STEFFEN, Colin SUMMERHAYES, James P. M. SYVITSKI, Davor VIDAS, Michael WAGREICH, Scott L. WING, Alexander P.
  73. WOLFE, An ZHISHENG y Naomi ORESKES (2015), “When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth century boundary level is stratigraphically optimal”, Quaternary International, vol. 383, pp. 196-203.
  74. ZALASIEWICZ, Jan, Mark WILLIAMS, Will STEFFEN y Paul CRUTZEN (2010), “The new world of the Anthropocene”, Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 44, pp. 2228-2231.