Hammerstones
Palabras clave:
percutores de piedra, prehistoria, pedernal, obsidianaResumen
Una parte de los procesos de talla líticos y de diversas actividades humanas básicas son los percutores de piedra, instrumentos muy poco estudiados, situación lamentable porque su análisis y clasificación proporcionaría a la arqueología información sobre una amplia gama de actividades prehistóricas, empezando con la producción y uso de instrumentos de piedra, que son más que simples rocas. En este artículo proponemos que las poblaciones mesoamericanas usaban millones de percutores de centenares de tipos y variedades, que comprendían desde la elaboración de lascas cortantes de obsidiana, hasta la construcción de los palacios de sus gobernantes. Cada tarea requirió de instrumentos apropiados y cada percutor tenía funciones específicas e incluso funciones múltiples, para actividades no especializadas que podrían deducirse por medio de sus propiedades físicas y huellas de uso o desgaste. Por ejemplo, un percutor para fabricar un cuchillo de pedernal tendría poca utilidad para esculpir la Piedra del Sol. Al respecto, se revisó la literatura especializada para identificar las propiedades físicas esenciales de los percutores y sus funciones óptimas.
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