Un pueblo entre dos patrias. Mito, historia e identidad en Chipilo, Puebla (1912-1942)

Abstract

The Mexican Revolution was lived and perceived in the most different forms along the national territory. Maybe one of the most unusual experiences in this panorama is the one ofthe rural community of Chipilo (Puebla). Founded by Italian colonists arrived around 1882, it represented an oasis of prosperity at the beginning of the XX century in the región of Cholula-Atlixco. During the revolution it was attacked several times by various rebelliousformations. What are more interesting in the experience of the small village is the visualization of Revolution through the First World War and the later overlapping of the Italian Fascist nationalism during the twenties and thirties. The sample of Chipilo shows a newfacet in the revolutionary prism as a creator phenomenon of epics, myths and collective identities. The article embraces the formation of those myths from the first attack to the community in 1912 until the glorification ofa "homeland" rediscovered, with the foundation of the new Román Empire in 1936 and the later catastrophic collapse ofthe Italian ambitions to become a great world power.