Autenticidad y la localidad del patrimonio: percepciones emergentes en sitios de Patrimonio Mundial en África
Palabras clave:
autenticidad, localidad, conservación, Patrimonio Mundial, conocimiento indígenaResumen
El patrimonio cultural en África se analiza como un fenómeno local embebido en los ricos y diversos Sistemas de Conocimiento Indígenas de las comunidades locales. Refleja el espíritu pionero y los enfoques de las comunidades locales para definir la localidad y el carácter del patrimonio. Sin embargo, el colonialismo prácticamente borró esta localidad en África con el posicionamiento del enfoque monumental, reforzado aún más por el concepto de Patrimonio Mundial hasta tiempos recientes. Para enfrentar el tema, se adoptó el concepto de autenticidad como una forma de restaurar la localidad y el carácter del patrimonio cultural. Mediante ese concepto, el patrimonio cultural africano provee perspectivas y conocimientos locales al discurso sobre autenticidad. El sitio de Patrimonio Mundial de Robben Island (Sudáfrica) ofrece perspectivas locales que se entrecruzan y percepciones sobre la autenticidad. Esta discusión enfatiza la comprensión de dinámicas entre la autenticidad y los procesos de inscripción, la obtención y salvaguarda de fuentes de información, conservación, desarrollo sostenible y programas universitarios sobre patrimonio. El presente artículo recomienda la adopción de un enfoque progresivo y adaptativo para ampliar el concepto de autenticidad como un proceso continuo, vinculado con las siempre cambiantes prácticas locales que dan paso a la "autenticidad actual". Esto refuerza la importancia de las perspectivas locales emergentes sobre autenticidad y las comunidades locales en el futuro de la implementación del Patrimonio Mundial en África.
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