Re-enterramiento como sistema de protección de patrimonio arqueológico sujeto a riesgos y deterioro: evaluación crítica de los sistemas utilizados en los elementos decorativos de la Acrópolis de la zona arqueológica de Ek Balam, Yucatán
Palabras clave:
Re-enterramiento, criterios y lineamientos, preservación (Reburial, criteria and guidelines, preservation)Resumen
En esta presentación se realiza una revisión y evaluación de los sistemas de re-enteramiento que se han utilizado en la zona arqueológica de Ek Balam. El análisis se realiza de acuerdo con los principios bajo los que se realiza este sistema y en función de la toma de decisiones y criterios para el uso en el caso de diferentes circunstancias de riesgo o impacto ambiental sobre relieves de estuco pintados, paneles de piedra estuco, o pintura mural. Se reflexiona sobre los elementos que deben tomarse en cuenta para tomar la decisión asertiva en tiempo y forma que asegure la permanencia y preservaciones de los vestigios arqueológicos en proceso de inestabilidad o en riesgo de destrucción total o parcial por su exposición a condiciones ambientales extremas y directas.
Abstract
This article reviews and evaluates reburial systems that haven been used at the archaeological site of Ek Balam as part of the site´s conservation project. The analysis comprises a review of principles and guidelines that originates the use of this preservation system; it also reflects on how much its use can result in a better preservation of materials when in situ architectural decorations are heavily affected by environmental impact and anthropogenic risks. Particularly the case of reburial of stucco relieves, mural paintings and stone monuments of Ek Balam is discussed in this article. This article also discusses the factors that should be considered for assertive decision making in a timely manner to guarantee physical and chemical stability and preservation of archaeological heritage in very unstable conditions, or under risk of total or partial destruction because of negligence, lack or resources, incomplete excavation, and/or extreme environmental conditions of exposure.
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